Question By: The venom of a funnel web spider, particularly the Sydney funnel web spider (Atrax robustus), is highly toxic to humans and primates. It contains a potent mix of neurotoxins, with δ-atracotoxins being the most dangerous component. These toxins affect the nervous system by disrupting ion channels, leading to rapid and severe symptoms.
When injected into humans, the venom can cause autonomic nervous system failure, resulting in excessive sweating, muscle spasms, increased heart rate, breathing difficulties, and, in severe cases, death due to respiratory failure. Symptoms can appear within 10 to 30 minutes of a bite.
Interestingly, funnel web spider venom is not as harmful to many animals, including dogs, cats, and other mammals, due to differences in their nervous system receptors. This specificity makes the venom particularly dangerous to humans.
Before the development of an antivenom in 1981, funnel web spider bites had a significant fatality rate, with several recorded deaths. However, thanks to the rapid administration of antivenom, no fatalities have been reported since its introduction.
Despite their dangerous venom, funnel web spiders do not actively seek out humans. They typically bite in self-defense when threatened. Given the venom's potency, it is crucial to seek immediate medical attention if bitten. First aid measures include applying a pressure immobilization bandage to slow venom spread and calling emergency services for antivenom treatment.
Professional pest control is recommended for homes in high-risk areas, especially around Sydney and other funnel web spider habitats. Visit https://www.flick.com.au/blog/pest-alert-newcastle-residents-cautioned-after-discovery-of-giant-funnel-web-spider/ to know more.
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