Question By: Arthritis is a term encompassing a group of inflammatory joint disorders characterized by inflammation, pain, and stiffness in the joints. The two most common types are osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis.
Osteoarthritis (OA):
OA is the degeneration of joint cartilage and underlying bone. Over time, the protective cartilage that cushions the ends of bones wears down, leading to pain, swelling, and reduced joint flexibility. As bone surfaces rub against each other, pain and stiffness increase, especially during movement.
Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA):
RA is an autoimmune disorder where the immune system mistakenly attacks the synovium–the lining of the membranes that surround joints. This results in inflammation, swelling, and pain. Chronic inflammation can lead to joint deformities and erosion of cartilage and bone. The pain associated with RA is often symmetrical, affecting the same joints on both sides of the body.
In both types of arthritis, the pain arises from the inflammatory response, changes in joint structure, and the body's attempt to repair damaged tissues. Arthritis pain is typically characterized by stiffness, tenderness, and discomfort, impacting a person's ability to perform daily activities. Effective pain management for arthritis often involves a combination of medications, physical therapy, lifestyle modifications, and, in severe cases, surgical interventions.
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