Question By: Herniated discs occur when a tear develops in the outer, fibrous ring of a spinal disc, allowing the jelly-like inner part of the disc to bulge out of the torn spot. This protrusion of the inner disc may result in pressure on the nerve roots or spinal cord near the herniation, causing interruption in normal nerve flow and often severe pain.
Also accurately known as bulging or ruptured discs, this injury can also cause a release of inflammatory chemical mediators, which intensify and propagate the inflammatory response, and may cause intense pain even in the event the nerve root is not compressed.
Symptoms of herniated discs can vary widely in the affected area, or even in other areas of the body, as a result of a herniated disc. These symptoms can include:
• dull or sharp pain and/or numbness, most commonly on one side of the body
• pain that extends to your arms or legs
• increased pain at night or with certain movements
• pain when walking short distances
• increased pain after standing or sitting
• unexplained muscle weakness, muscle spasms, or cramps
• tingling, aching, or burning sensations in the affected area
• overactive reflexes
• sciatica
• in extreme cases, bowel and bladder incontinence
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