Question By: Mycorrhizal fungi play a significant role in enhancing plant immunity by establishing symbiotic relationships with plant roots. These fungi extend their hyphae into the soil, increasing the surface area for nutrient and water absorption. This association not only improves nutrient uptake, particularly phosphorus, but also enhances the plant's ability to absorb essential micronutrients, which are crucial for its overall health and immune response.
Moreover, mycorrhizal fungi produce signaling molecules that stimulate the plant's defense mechanisms. When the fungi detect pathogens in the soil, they can signal the plant to activate its immune system, producing defensive compounds and reinforcing its cellular barriers. This preemptive response equips the plant to better withstand stressors, such as drought, salinity, and pathogen attacks.
Additionally, the presence of mycorrhizal fungi in the soil can alter the microbial community, promoting beneficial microorganisms that further support plant health. This dynamic interaction helps build a resilient root system capable of withstanding various environmental challenges.
In summary, mycorrhizal fungi enhance plant immunity by improving nutrient uptake, stimulating defense mechanisms, and fostering beneficial soil microorganisms.
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